
With the updated EU F-gas Regulation taking effect in March 2024, the European Union has strengthened measures to phase down the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). However, illicit imports of F-gases have emerged as a significant challenge, threatening climate objectives and market integrity.
In October 2024, Dutch authorities seized 4,800 cylinders of F-gases valued at €1.5 million at the port of Rotterdam, preventing their distribution to unauthorized importers. This operation, guided by information from the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), exemplifies the EU's commitment to enforcing regulations. A month later, a coordinated operation by OLAF and Joint Customs Operation KHIONE intercepted over 400,000 tons of CO2-equivalent substances, averting €4.5 million in market losses.
The European FluoroCarbons Technical Committee (EFCTC) has taken a proactive role in addressing illegal imports. Key initiatives include:
In the latter half of 2024, the World Customs Organization (WCO) conducted the tenth iteration of Operation DEMETER, targeting illicit waste, ozone-depleting substances (ODS), and greenhouse gases. The operation, involving 110 customs administrations, resulted in 450 seizures, including 344,625.9 kg of ODS and HFCs, and significant quantities of illegal waste.
Plastic waste constituted nearly 25% of seized materials, with the majority of seizures occurring at export points in Europe. Asian and African nations were identified as major destinations for illegal shipments.
The operation’s success relied on extensive training and collaboration:
Over the past three years, the number of reported seizures under Operation DEMETER has risen dramatically, from 139 in 2022 to 450 in 2024. This upward trend reflects improved enforcement capabilities and stronger international collaboration.
These initiatives highlight the urgent need for collective vigilance against environmental crimes. By uniting global efforts, stakeholders aim to safeguard environmental integrity and support sustainable practices for a cleaner, greener future.