The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has released a detailed guide to help countries integrate the cooling sector into their updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). With cooling responsible for approximately 7% of global greenhouse gas emissions—and projected to double by 2050—the guide provides a structured approach to mitigate emissions while expanding equitable access to sustainable cooling.
The NDC Cooling Guide outlines a six-stage framework to support policymakers in assessing emissions from hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and energy use, formulating sector-specific targets, and developing National Cooling Action Plans (NCAPs). Emphasis is placed on Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS), Kigali Amendment-compliant refrigerant phase-down, passive and nature-based cooling strategies, and climate-responsive urban planning. A robust Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) system is also recommended for tracking progress.
The guide features case studies from countries such as Nigeria, Grenada, and the United Arab Emirates. Nigeria integrated its NCAP into its NDCs by prioritizing heat-resilient infrastructure and rural energy access. Grenada’s focus is on becoming HFC-free through technician training and refrigerant recycling, while the UAE has embedded cooling strategies across sectors including district cooling and efficient air conditioning.
Developed by the UNEP-led Cool Coalition in partnership with organizations including the UNDP, GIZ Proklima, SEforALL, CLASP, and the American University in Cairo, the guide is aimed at aligning national cooling strategies with the goals of the Paris Agreement, Kigali Amendment, and Global Cooling Pledge.
“Sustainable cooling offers a powerful dual benefit: mitigating climate change while enhancing resilience,” the guide states, calling for increased ambition and governance to transform cooling into a key pillar of low-carbon development.
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